Conspiracy theories and their societal effects during the COVID-19 pandemic


Pummerer, Lotte ; Böhm, Robert ; Lillenholt, Lau ; Winter, Kevin ; Zettler, Ingo ; Sassenberg, Kai


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/19485506211000217
URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/epub/10.1177/1948...
URN: urn:nbn:de:bsz:180-madoc-714063
Document Type: Article
Year of publication: 2022
The title of a journal, publication series: Social Psychological and Personality Science : SPPS
Volume: 13
Issue number: 1
Page range: 49-59
Place of publication: Thousand Oaks, Calif.
Publishing house: Sage
ISSN: 1948-5506 , 1948-5514
Related URLs:
Publication language: English
Institution: School of Social Sciences > Sozialpsychologie und Mikrosoziologie (Stavrova 2025-)
Pre-existing license: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)
Subject: 150 Psychology
300 Social sciences, sociology, anthropology
Keywords (English): conspiracy theory , conspiracy mentality, COVID-19 , trust , social influence
Abstract: During COVID-19, conspiracy theories were intensely discussed in the media. Generally, both believing in conspiracy theories (i.e., explanations for events based on powerholders’ secret arrangements) and being confronted with a conspiracy theory have been found to predict cognition and behavior with negative societal effects, such as low institutional trust. Accordingly, believing in conspiracy theories around COVID-19 should reduce institutional trust, support of governmental regulations and their adoption, and social engagement (e.g., helping members of risk groups). We tested these predictions in a national random sample survey, an experiment, and a longitudinal study (N total = 1,213; all studies were preregistered). Indeed, believing in and being confronted with a COVID-19 conspiracy theory decreased institutional trust, support of governmental regulations, adoption of physical distancing, and—to some extent—social engagement. Findings underscore the severe societal effects of conspiracy theories in the context of COVID-19.




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