A test of expectancy-value theory in predicting alcohol consumption


Nicolai, Jennifer ; Moshagen, Morten ; Demmel, Ralf



DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/16066359.2017.1334201
URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/160663...
Additional URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317337583...
Document Type: Article
Year of publication: 2018
The title of a journal, publication series: Addiction Research & Theory
Volume: 26
Issue number: 2
Page range: 133-142
Place of publication: Abingdon
Publishing house: Taylor & Francis Group
ISSN: 1606-6359 , 1476-7392
Publication language: English
Institution: School of Social Sciences > Kognitive Psychologie u. Differentielle Psychologie (Erdfelder 2002-2019)
Subject: 150 Psychology
Abstract: Background: Research on alcohol-related outcome expectancies has primarily focused on the likelihood of the anticipated effects, while comparatively little attention has been paid to their subjective evaluation. However, according to expectancy-value theory, the expectation that alcohol use will produce certain consequences and the evaluation of those consequences jointly and interactively determine an individual's decision to consume alcohol. Previous research on this issue was hampered by multiple regression strategies that are plagued by measurement error and low statistical power. Method: To overcome this limitation, we investigated expectancy-value interactions in predicting drinking variables by drawing on latent variable methodology using the five expectancy-value dimensions from the Comprehensive Alcohol Expectancy Questionnaire. Expectancy-value models were tested in a sample of college students (N = 1053) and a sample of alcohol-dependent inpatients (N = 699). Results: Significant expectancy-value interactions emerged concerning social assertiveness among students as well as for aggression and tension reduction among alcohol-dependent inpatients. The relationship between expectancy and drinking was strongest for pronounced (either positive or negative) valuations of the effect. Effect sizes were small, however. Conclusions: The results are in partial agreement with basic premises of expectancy-value theory. However, this study also identifies limits to the universal validity of expectancy-value theory, given that prediction of alcohol use depends on the effect domains, alcohol outcome measures, and study populations. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved)




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