Democracy and (the essential content of) fundamental rights: Marching in line or precarious balancing act?

Schaks, Nils

URL:	http://ldd.org.za/images/stories/Ready_for_publica...
Weitere URL:	http://www.ldd.org.za/by-type/refereed-articles/19...
Dokumenttyp:	Zeitschriftenartikel
Erscheinungsjahr:	2019
Titel einer Zeitschrift oder einer Reihe:	Law, Democracy & Development
Band/Volume:	23
Seitenbereich:	299-330
Ort der Veröffentlichung:	Bellville
Verlag:	Faculty of Law, University of the Western Cape
ISSN:	2077-4907
Sprache der Veröffentlichung:	Englisch
Einrichtung:	Fakultät für Rechtswissenschaft und Volkswirtschaftslehre > Öffentl. Recht (Juniorprofessur) (Schaks 2015-)
Fachgebiet:	340 Recht
Freie Schlagwörter (Deutsch):	Demokratie , Grundrechte , Deutschland , Südafrika , Verfassungsgericht ,Gewaltenteilung , Meinungsfreiheit , Verfassungsvergleich , Wesensgehalt
Freie Schlagwörter (Englisch):	German Constitution , Constitutional comparison , Essential content of a right , Freedom of expression , Separation of powers , Democratic backsliding , Counter-majoritarian dilemma , Constitutional courts , Democracy , Fundamental rights
Abstract:	This article addresses the question of how democracy and fundamental rights interplay, and compares German and South African law for this purpose. The author argues that democracy requires and presupposes fundamental rights, but that these two values do not always align, and then deals with the question of how to reconcile democracy and fundamental rights in case of conflict. The potential conflict between the two values is sometimes reflected in the relationship between Parliaments as the embodiment of democracy and the Constitutional Courts as the embodiments of fundamental rights (the so- called “counter-majoritarian dilemma”). However, the author rejects the recent critique by some scholars that the German Federal Constitutional Court structurally exceeds its powers vis-à-vis the German Parliament and that there is a permanent judicial overreach. On the contrary, the author argues that Constitutional Courts do not have sufficient tools to counter a democratic backsliding, i.e. the incremental erosion of democracy. Since the author considers democratic backsliding to be a greater and more acute threat to democracy than judicial overreach, he presents the view that the guarantee of the essential content of a right delineates the minimum of a fundamental right in a democratic society. This view is explained using freedom of expression as example.
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