The present research aimed to devise a test of source recognition that facilitates access to
source information stored in memory. Therefore, we extended the standard sourcemonitoring paradigm, in which items are presented in a source-neutral manner during test,
by a second, subsequent test with source reinstatement. In this second test, items (i.e.,
words) were presented with both study sources (i.e., two speakers) consecutively such that
for originally studied words, one test presentation was the exact reinstatement of the
original source. To validate our assumption that the test with reinstatement primarily
assesses source storage, we manipulated source storage by varying encoding frequency
between-participants (repetition vs. no repetition of each item-source-pair). Additionally, we
varied source similarity between-participants (similar vs. dissimilar speakers). Data analyses
(N = 146) based on multinomial and signal detection models showed a source memory
enhancement in the second test with reinstatement compared to the first standard test,
especially for similar sources. Additionally, repetition selectively benefited source memory in
the second test, validating our interpretation of the second test as a measure for source
storage. Altogether, our novel source recognition test offers a promising method for
investigating various well-known source memory phenomena more comprehensively.
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