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Health behaviors and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic: A longitudinal population-based survey in Germany
Mata, Jutta
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Wenz, Alexander
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Rettig, Tobias
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Reifenscheid, Maximiliane
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Möhring, Katja
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Krieger, Ulrich
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Friedel, Sabine
;
Fikel, Marina
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Cornesse, Carina
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Blom, Annelies G.
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Naumann, Elias
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DOI:
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https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114333
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URL:
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/...
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Additional URL:
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34455337/
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URN:
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urn:nbn:de:bsz:180-madoc-602176
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Document Type:
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Article
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Year of publication:
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2021
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The title of a journal, publication series:
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Social Science & Medicine
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Volume:
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287
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Issue number:
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Article 114333
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Place of publication:
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Amsterdam [u.a.]
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Publishing house:
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Elsevier
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ISSN:
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0277-9536 , 1873-5347
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Publication language:
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English
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Institution:
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School of Social Sciences > Gesundheitspsychologie (Mata 2015-)
School of Social Sciences > Data Science (Blom 2017-2022)
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Subject:
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150 Psychology
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Abstract:
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Objective to understand the mental health response to repeated and prolonged stress during the COVID-19 related lockdown and the role of specific health behaviors to buffer against this stress. Methods In a longitudinal study with several measurement points covering three months during the COVID-19 pandemic, about 3500 randomly selected participants representative of the German population reported on their mental health (anxiety, depression, loneliness) and health behaviors (screen time, snack consumption, physical activity). Results Symptoms of anxiety, depression, and loneliness were highest shortly after the lockdown came into effect. Over time, the symptoms were stable or went down slightly, corresponding to patterns of habituation. Among people with higher vulnerability to poor mental health during the lockdown (e.g., women), the proportion with high levels of anxiety, depression, and loneliness was considerably larger. These groups also reported fewer health-promoting behaviors. More screen time, more snacking, and less physical activity were related to higher symptoms of anxiety, depression, and loneliness across all time points. Changes in health behaviors over time mostly did not predict changes in mental health symptoms. Conclusions Mental health and engagement in protective health behaviors was lowest at the start of the lockdown. Health behaviors mostly returned to pre-lockdown levels within three months. Engaging in healthier behaviors was associated with better mental health. Policy implications of these findings are discussed. This study provides important insights into (unintended) side effects of an international crisis and can contribute to a better understanding of how to preserve mental health.
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Additional information:
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© 2021. The attached manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
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 | Dieser Eintrag ist Teil der Universitätsbibliographie. |
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 Search Authors in
BASE:
Mata, Jutta
;
Wenz, Alexander
;
Rettig, Tobias
;
Reifenscheid, Maximiliane
;
Möhring, Katja
;
Krieger, Ulrich
;
Friedel, Sabine
;
Fikel, Marina
;
Cornesse, Carina
;
Blom, Annelies G.
;
Naumann, Elias
Google Scholar:
Mata, Jutta
;
Wenz, Alexander
;
Rettig, Tobias
;
Reifenscheid, Maximiliane
;
Möhring, Katja
;
Krieger, Ulrich
;
Friedel, Sabine
;
Fikel, Marina
;
Cornesse, Carina
;
Blom, Annelies G.
;
Naumann, Elias
ORCID:
Mata, Jutta  ORCID: 0000-0003-2498-5054 ; Wenz, Alexander ; Rettig, Tobias ; Reifenscheid, Maximiliane ; Möhring, Katja ; Krieger, Ulrich ; Friedel, Sabine ; Fikel, Marina ; Cornesse, Carina ORCID: 0000-0002-5437-2999 ; Blom, Annelies G. ; Naumann, Elias ORCID: 0000-0003-1415-0678
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