Cues and processes underlying metamemory


Zimdahl, Malte F.


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URN: urn:nbn:de:bsz:180-madoc-621810
Document Type: Doctoral dissertation
Year of publication: 2022
Place of publication: Mannheim
University: Universität Mannheim
Evaluator: Undorf, Monika
Date of oral examination: 17 May 2022
Publication language: English
Institution: School of Social Sciences > Kognitive Psychologie (Seniorprofessur) (Erdfelder 2019-)
Subject: 150 Psychology
Keywords (English): metamemory , judgments of learning , dual-process , fluency , beliefs , hindsight bias , visual coherence , cues
Abstract: The target of this thesis is to investigate when and why metamemory is accurate or inaccurate. It does so by building on previous findings showing that we do not have direct access to our own memory but infer its state using different cues and heuristics. In line with this reasoning, this thesis uncovers visual coherence and outcome knowledge as two cues that people use when making predictions of future memory performance (judgments of learning, JOLs). It also shows that visual coherence is a valid cue as it aligns JOLs with memory performance, whereas outcome knowledge biases the recollection of JOLs towards the outcome of the memory test, leading to hindsight bias on JOLs. The current thesis further tests the contributions of experience-based, automatic processes and theory-based, controlled processes to the visual coherence effect and hindsight bias on JOLs. With that, this dissertation aims at advancing our understanding of people’s metamemory.




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