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Instrumental variable estimation of the causal effect of hunger early in life on health later in life
Berg, Gerard J. van den
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Pinger, Pia
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Schoch, Johannes
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URL:
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https://ub-madoc.bib.uni-mannheim.de/32161
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URN:
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urn:nbn:de:bsz:180-madoc-321617
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Dokumenttyp:
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Arbeitspapier
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Erscheinungsjahr:
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2012
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Titel einer Zeitschrift oder einer Reihe:
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ZEW Discussion Papers
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Band/Volume:
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12-019
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Ort der Veröffentlichung:
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Mannheim
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Sprache der Veröffentlichung:
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Englisch
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Einrichtung:
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Fakultät für Rechtswissenschaft und Volkswirtschaftslehre > Alexander v. Humboldt Professor in Econometrics and Empirical Economics (van den Berg 2009-2016)
Sonstige Einrichtungen > ZEW - Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung
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MADOC-Schriftenreihe:
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Veröffentlichungen des ZEW (Leibniz-Zentrum für Europäische Wirtschaftsforschung) > ZEW Discussion Papers
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Fachgebiet:
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330 Wirtschaft
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Fachklassifikation:
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JEL:
I12 , J11 , C21 , C26,
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Freie Schlagwörter (Englisch):
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Nutrition , famine , ageing , developmental origins , height , blood pressure , obesity , twosample IV
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Abstract:
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Numerous studies have evaluated the effect of nutrition early in life on health much
later in life by comparing individuals born during a famine to others. Nutritional
intake is typically unobserved and endogenous, whereas famines arguably provide
exogenous variation in the provision of nutrition. However, living through a famine
early in life does not necessarily imply a lack of nutrition during that age interval,
and vice versa, and in this sense the observed difference at most provides a qualitative
assessment of the average causal effect of a nutritional shortage, which is the
parameter of interest. In this paper we estimate this average causal effect on health
outcomes later in life, by applying instrumental variable estimation, using data with
self-reported periods of hunger earlier in life, with famines as instruments. The data
contain samples from European countries and include birth cohorts exposed to various
famines in the 20th century. We use two-sample IV estimation to deal with imperfect
recollection of conditions at very early stages of life. The estimated average causal
effects often exceed famine effects by a factor three.
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