The introduction of Bismarck's social security system and its effects on marriage and fertility in Prussia


Guinnane, Timothy W. ; Streb, Jochen



DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12426
URL: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/p...
Weitere URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/353393286...
Dokumenttyp: Zeitschriftenartikel
Erscheinungsjahr: 2021
Titel einer Zeitschrift oder einer Reihe: Population and Development Review
Band/Volume: 47
Heft/Issue: 3
Seitenbereich: 749-780
Ort der Veröffentlichung: Hoboken, NJ
Verlag: Wiley-Blackwell
ISSN: 0098-7921 , 1728-4457
Sprache der Veröffentlichung: Englisch
Einrichtung: Fakultät für Rechtswissenschaft und Volkswirtschaftslehre > Wirtschaftsgeschichte (Streb 2011-)
Fachgebiet: 330 Wirtschaft
900 Geschichte
Abstract: Economists have long argued that introducing social insurance will reduce fertility. The hypothesis relies on standard models: if children are desirable in part because they provide security in case of disability or old age, then State programs that provide insurance against these events should induce couples to substitute away from children in the allocation of wealth. We test this claim using the introduction of social insurance in Germany in the period 1881-1910. Bismarck’s social-insurance scheme had three pillars: health insurance, workplace accident insurance, and an old age pension. Earlier studies typically focus on the pension alone; we consider all three pillars. We find that Bismarck’s social insurance system affected fertility overall only via its effects on the incentive to marry. The old age insurance by itself tended to reduce marriages, but the health and accident-insurance components had the opposite effect. For people exposed to all three pillars of social insurance, the two effects cancelled each other and the aggregate effect on fertility was muted.




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