DESIGN and be SMART: Eleven engineering challenges to achieve sustainable air transportation under safety assurance in the year 2050


Wandelt, Sebastian ; Blom, Henk ; Krömer, Marius Magnus ; Li, Daochun ; Mitici, Mihaela ; Ryley, Tim ; Stumpf, Eike ; Wang, Kun ; Yang, Bin ; Zanin, Massimiliano ; Sun, Xiaoqian


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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jatrs.2024.100045
URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/...
Additional URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/385197056...
URN: urn:nbn:de:bsz:180-madoc-681840
Document Type: Article
Year of publication: 2025
The title of a journal, publication series: Journal of the Air Transport Research Society : JARTS
Volume: 4
Issue number: Article 100045
Page range: 1-17
Place of publication: Amsterdam
Publishing house: Elsevier
ISSN: 2941-198X
Publication language: English
Institution: Außerfakultäre Einrichtungen > Graduate School of Economic and Social Sciences - CDSB (Business Studies)
Business School > Service Operations Management (Schön 2014-)
Pre-existing license: Creative Commons Attribution, Non-Commercial, No Derivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
Subject: 330 Economics
620 Engineering
Keywords (English): air transportation , sustainability , engineering , challenges
Abstract: The aviation industry faces various challenges in meeting long-term sustainability goals amidst surging demand for air travel and growing environmental concerns of the general public. The year 2050 is set as an ambitious goal for net zero emissions, a substantial reduction in carbon dioxide emissions per passenger kilometer flown, major improvements in aircraft energy efficiency, and a development towards autonomous, intelligent operations. This review explores the pivotal role of advancements in engineering for achieving sustainability in aviation. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature and case studies, our work highlights how innovations in all aspects of aircraft engineering coupled with operations-related technologies, offer promising solutions to mitigate environmental impact, enhance efficiency, and ensure long-term sustainability in aviation operations. To discuss the necessary advances, we promote the so-called ‘DESIGN and be SMART’ framework, consisting of eleven complementary engineering challenges towards reaching sustainability. To address the high safety levels reached in air transportation, our DESIGN and be SMART framework also addresses the safety assurance challenge that is overarching each of the eleven engineering challenges. We believe that through an orchestrated integration of hardware advancements with innovative software solutions, and novel safety assurance methods, the aviation industry can realize synergistic benefits that drive sustainable growth of air transportation. Our review contributes to such an orchestration by describing the status quo and research challenges ahead.


Economic SustainabilityEnvironmental SustainabilitySocial SustainabilitySDG 8: Decent Work and Economic GrowthSDG 9: Industry, Innovation and InfrastructureSDG 12: Responsible Consumption and ProductionSDG 13: Climate ActionSDG 16: Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions


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